Equalizing-gear for reciprocating prime movers.



No. 778.700. PATENTED DEC. 27-, 1004. M; NBUMAYBR. EQUALIZING GEAR FORREGIPROOATING PRIME MOVERS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 31, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES; INVENT'EIF! miifi Jfcwzmz'lz'an J'umayaz" No. 778,700.PATENTED DEC. 27, 1904.

M. NBUMAYER. EQUALIZING GEAR FOR REGIPROGATING PRIME MOVERS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 31, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES Patented December 27, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

MAXIMILIAN NEUMAYER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 778,700, dated December27, 1904.

'Application filed August 31, 1904:- Serial No. 222,850-

b It whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAXIMILIAN NEUMAYER, a subject of the Emperor ofAustria-Hungary, and a resident of the city of New York, borough ofBrooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented anew and Improved Pmyer-Equalizing Gear for Reciproeating Prime Movers,of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to prime movers having a pair of cylinders andpistons reciprocating therein; and its object is to provide a new andimproved power-equalizing gear for such prime movers, arranged to givethe piston which has passed a central position a rapidlyincreasingmechanical assistance from the other piston to eliminate all danger ofthe prime mover stopping when a piston reaches the central criticalposition referred to.

The invention consists of novel features and parts and combinations ofthe same, as will be more fully described hereinafter and then pointedout in the claims.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in whichsimilar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all theviews.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improvement as applied to a primemover actuating a duplex pump, parts being in section. Fig. 2 is asectional plan view of the same on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is alike view of a modified form of the same, and Figs. 4 to 19 arediagrammatic views of other modified forms of the improvement.

A pair of prime movers A A are shown in Fig. 1 as compound steam-enginesarranged tandem and employed for driving plungers B B in the cylinders GC of a duplex pump, and the piston-rods D D of pistons E E,reciprocating in the cylinders F F of the prime movers A A, areconnected with the plungers B B. The piston-rods D D are pivotal] yconnected with levers G G, fulcrumed on and mounted to slide in swivelsH H, having their pivots H H mounted to turn in suitable bearings on abracket 1, forming part of the framework of the prime movers and theduplex pump. The outer or free ends of the levers Gr G are pivotallyconnected with each other by a link J. The swivels H H form the fulcrumsfor the levers G G, and when the pistons E E reciprocate the levers G Gare caused to slide in the swivels H H, so that the latter form variablefulcrums for the said levers, and as the levers by the link connection Jact one upon the other it is evident that forces are transmitted fromone piston to the other, especially as the said levers Gr Gr practicallyact as walking-beams.

By the power-equalizing gear described the piston E or E which has justpassed its cen- I tral position receives a gradually-increasingmechanical assistance from the other piston E or E, and hence all dangerof stopping of the engine at this critical point is prevented. Insimilar mechanisms previously employed this resistance is great at thebeginning of the stroke, rapidly decreases, and is very small at or nearthe center of the stroke. Likewise the assistance given to the'piston isvery small at or near the center ofthe stroke, slowly increases untilnear the end of the stroke it increases rapidly, and is very great atthe end of the stroke.

By the arrangement described the forces are transmitted in such a manneras to offer to the piston which is just about to pass the center agreater but more rapidly decreasing resistance and to give the pistonwhich just passed the center a more rapidly increasing assistance,thereby obviating the danger of stopping the engine at this point. Thisis accomplished by the combined motion of the levers G and G, which notonly act as levers turning about a fulcrum, but also transmit forces inthe direction of their axes. The fulcrum divides the lever into twounequal lengths, the ratio of which is decreasing as the piston reachesthe center of the stroke and increasing as the piston traveis away fromthe center of the stroke, and it is by this shifting fulcrum that thedesired action is obtained.

It is understood that when one piston E or E is at the beginning of itsstroke there is an excess of pressure by the motive agent on thispiston, while a lack of pressure is had after the piston passes acentral position that is, after the motive agent is out 01f. Now bytransferring the excess of pressure on one piston by the equalizing-gearto the pistonrod of the other piston at the time the latter has passed acentral position it is evident that the excess of pressure on one pistonis utilized to assist the other piston, and hence the power isequalized.

Presuming that the piston E is at the beginning of the return or upstroke and the piston E has just passed the central position, it isevident that the lever G exerts a pull on the link J, which in turnpushes on the outer end of the lever G, so that the latter exerts anupward pressure on the piston D to assist the piston E in its upwardstroke after the piston E haspassed the central position. As the pistonE advances toward its upper end the angle between the piston-rod D andthe lever G decreases, and hence the power exerted by the lever G on thepiston-rod D and piston E gradually increases to the end of the stroke.WVhen the piston E is at the beginning of its stroke, the surplus poweris transmitted by the equalizing-gear to the other piston E, now passinga central position.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the transverse axes of the swivels H and Hare coinciding and the axes are located midway between the axes of thepiston-rods D D.

As illustrated in Fig. 3, the lever G is made in two parts sliding incorresponding swivels H, and the link J is likewise made in two parts toconnect the outer ends of the twopart lever G with the outer end of thelever G. Otherwise the construction is the same as above described inreference to Fig. 1.

Fig. 1 represents the pistons E E in a different position, while in Fig.5 a spring J is substituted for connecting the outer ends of the leversG G with each other, and, as illustrated in Fig. 6, the outer end of thelever G is pivotally connected with one end of a rod K, mounted to slidein a swivel K, fulcrumed on the outer end of the lever G, and on thesaid rod K is coiled a spring K, pressing at one end on the rod K andwith its free end on the swivel K.

In the modified form shown in Fig. 7 the levers G and G are mounted toslide in the swivels H H, formed on arms having transverse pivots theaxes of which coincide, and the free ends of the said levers are in thiscase pivotally connected with each other.

In the modified form shown in Fig. 8 the levers G G are mounted to slidein the swivels H H, held on swing-arms, the same as described, and shownin Fig. 7 but in this case the free ends of the levers G G are pivotallyconnected with each other by the link J. A similar arrangement is shownin Fig. 9, the difference, however, being that the link J connects withthe levers G G at points between the swivels H H and the pivotsconnecting the levers with the piston-rods D D.

In the modified form shown in Fig. 10 the swivels H H are spaced apartand the free ends of the levers are connected with each other by thelink J, and as illustrated in Fig. 11 a similar arrangement is had, theonly difference being that the link J is very short in comparison to theone shown in Fig. 10 and the swivels are located nearer together.

In the modified form shown in Fig. 12 the levers G G are mounted toslide in the swivels spaced apart and the link J connects the leverswith each other between the swivels and their fulcrums on thepiston-rods D D.

In the modified form shown in Fig. 13 the levers are mounted to slide inthe swivels H H, located one above the other, and the free ends of thelevers are connected with each other by the link J.

In the modified form shown in Fig. 14 the levers have their swivelslocated one above the other, but the link J connects the levers witheach other between the swivels and their fulcrums on the piston-rods DD.

In the modified form shown in Fig. 15 the levers engage their swivelsspaced apart, and on the outer ends of the levers G G are arranged disksL L in rolling contact with each other to transmit the power of onelever to the other lever. As shown in Fig. 16, the same arrangement ishad, with the addition that the disks have their pivotal ends connectedwith each other by a spring L In the modified form shown in Fig. 17 thedisks are replaced by cams fixed on the free ends of the levers G and Gand in rolling contact with each other. 'In the modified form shown inFig. 18 the same conditions prevail, with the addition that the cams Nand N are connected with each other by a spring N In Fig. 19 the cams Nand N at the ends of the levers G G are in rolling contact with disks LL", journaled on a bar 0, slidably connected with the cams N N.

In all of the modified forms described the same'result is obtained asabove described in reference to Fig. 1that is, the power of one pistonis transmitted to the other piston to assist the latter after the samehas passed a central position to thus give rapidly-increasing mechanicalassistance to this piston from the other piston.

The device is very simple and durable in construction and can be readilyplaced in position on existing engines of the kind described.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent-- 1. The combination with a pair of reciproeatingprime movers, of a pair of levers directly connected with thereciprocating devices of the said prime movers and acting one on theother, the levers having stationary fulcrurns and movements at angles tothe axes of the said fulcrums.

2. The combination with a pair of powercylinders and reciprocatingpistons therein,

Wa /o6 3 of a pair of slidable swiveled levers acting one on the otherand connected with the said pistons.

3. The combination with a pair of powercylinders and reciprocatingpistons therein, of apair of slidable, swiveled levers connected withthe said pistons, and an operating connection between the said levers.

4:. The combination with a pair of powercylinders and reciprocatingpistons therein, of swivels, and levers pi-votally connected with thesaid pistons and mounted to slide in the said swivels, the latterforming the fulcrums for the said levers, the latter acting one upon theother.

5. The combination with a pair of powercylinders and reciprocatingpistons therein, of swivels, levers pivotally connected with the saidpistons and mounted to slide in the said swivels, the latter forming thefulcrums for r the said levers, and an operating connection between thesaid levers.

6. The combination with a pair of powercylinders and reciprocatingpistons therein, of swivels, levers pivotally connected with the saidpistons and mounted to slide in the said swivels, the latter forming thefulcrums for the said levers, and an operating connection between thefree ends of the said levers.

7. The combination with a pair of powercylinders and reciprocatingpistons therein, of swivels mounted to turn independent one of theother, and levers pivotally connected with the said pistons and mountedto slide in the said swivels, the latter forming the fulcrums for thesaid levers, the latter acting one upon the other.

. 8. The combination with a pair of powercylinders and reciprocatingpistons therein,

of swivels mounted to turn independent one of the other and having theiraxes coinciding, and levers pivotally connected with the said pistonsand mounted to slide in the said swivels, the latter forming thefulcrums for the said levers, the latter acting one upon the other.

9. The combination with a pair of powercylinders and pistonsreciprocating therein, of swivels mounted to turn independent one of theother, levers pivotally connected with the piston-rods of the saidpistons and mounted to slide in the said swivels, the latter forming thefulcrums for the said levers, and an operating connection between thesaid levers.

10. The combination with a pair of powercylinders and pistonsreciprocating therein, of swivels mounted to turn independent one of theother and having their axes coinciding, levers pivotally connected withthe pistonrods of the said swivels, the latter forming the fulcrums forthe said levers, and an operating connection between the said levers.

11. The combination with a pair of powercylinders and pistonsreciprocating therein, of swivels mounted to turn independent one of theother, levers pivotally connected with the piston-rods of the saidpistons and mounted to slide in the said swivels, the latter forming thefulcrums for the said levers, and a link connecting the free ends of thesaid levers with each other.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

MAXIMILIAN N EUMAYER.

Witnesses:

THEO. G. HOSTER, EVERARD BOLTON MARSHALL.

